Hydrocarbon burner



Feb. 11, 1930. B. A. :SCHAUMANN 1,746,969

HYDROCARBON BURNER Filed July 15, 192'? 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 R 4 #1 1 v IFeb. 11, 1930. A. SCHAUMANN 9 HYDROCARBON BURNER Filed y 1927 2Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 11, 1930 PATENT OFFICE BRUNO A. SCHAUHANN,O1 MILWAUKEE,

WISCONSIN, ASSIGNOR TO FREDERICK J.

GARVENS, OI MILWAUKEE, WISCONSIN EYDROOABBON BURNER Application filedJuly 18,

Heretofore when using hydrocarbon burners difficulty has beenexperienced in obtainin complete combustion and, consequently, a ameentirely free from carbon deposits and this invention has as one of itsobjects the provision of an improved h drocarbon burner in which thefluid fuel is volatilized and roperly mixed with air to produce a ill bycombustible mixture burning 1n a b ue hydrocarbon flame. a

Another object of this invention resides in the rovision of ahydrocarbon burner in whic air is mixed with the fuel substantially uponvolatilization of the fuel, the air and fuel then traveling through amixin chamber wherein they are thoroughly commingled be fore beingignited.

Another object of this invention resides in the provision of ahydrocarbon burner of the class described in which ample rotection isafforded against flooding of the evice due to failure of the pilotlight.

It is a further object of this invention to provide an improvedhydrocarbon burner having thoroughly commingled air and fuel fed to theburner proper by means of a blower with which free or idle air is mixedat the time of combustion. I

A still further object of'this invention resides in the provision of anew and novel hydrocarbon burner in which all formation of carbondeposits in the system is prevented, and a fully gasified and oxygenatedhydrocarbon flame is obtained, whereby carbon dioxide (CO in the fluegases ranges from fourteen to fifteen per cent with no trace of carbonmonoxide (CO).

. With the above and other objects in v1ew which will appear as thedescriptionv proceeds, my invention resides in the novel construction,combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafterdescribed and more particularly defined by the appended claims, it beingunderstood that'such changes in the precise embodiment of thehereindlsclosed invention may be made as come withm the scope of theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings I have 11- lustrated one com lete exampleof thephysical embodiment o my invention constructed 1927. serial 110.205,406.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view of the burner taken on the ofFigure 1;

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the pilot light and fuel outlet taken onthe plane of the line 44 of Figure 3; and

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken through Figure 3 on the plane of theline 55.

Referring now more particularly to the accompanying drawings in whichlike numerals designate like parts throughout the several views, 5designates a furnace of any suitable type having an annular ledge 6within which a grate is usually placed. A plate 7 is supported withinthe furnace upon the ledge to take the place of the grate, not shown,and 76 uponthis plate and centrally aligned with the axis of the furnaceis a base member 8 having an air chamber 9 connected therewith andextending upwardly therefrom.

The chamber 9 consists of a pair of tubular so inverted U-shaped orarcuate arms 10 merging at their inner ends into a common outlet 11which is directed downwardly above the center of the medial portion ofthe base member- 8, the outer ends of the arcuate arms 10 engaging overridges or flanges formed about inlet openings 12 in the upper portion ofthe base member at diametrically opposed points. The central portion ofthe chamber 9 is apertured'at 13 in axial alignment with the outlet 11to provide means for attaching a mixture jet 14 thereto, the upper endof which is pro,- vided with an elbow 15 with which a pair of pipes ortubes 16 communicate to connect the mixture jet with a mixing orgenerator chamber 17 positioned above the member 8 and in line with theusual fuel openin 18 of the furnace. The mixing chamber 1 has a fuelinlet pipe 19 and an overflow ipe 20 connected therewith as will belater ascribed and plane of the line 33 an air inlet pipe 21 which isconnected with a blower 22 throughducts 23 and 24, the duct 23 enteringthe ash pit of the furnace through the door 18 and the duct 24 passinginto the furnace fire chamber through the plate 7 and in rear of theburner proper.

The central portion of the member 8 is apertured at 25, from which atubular extension 26 extends downwardly to provide means for supportingan overflow chamber 27 which consists of a conventional pipe T fittinghaving a section of pipe 28 threaded in its upper end and extended aboutthe downwardly projecting extension 26 and secured thereto by screws orother means 29. The connection between the pipe 28 and the extension 26is loose to permit air to enter therebetween and pass upwardly throughthe bore to supply the pilot light, about to be described. 7

The stem of the T-shaped fitting 27 is closed by a plug 30 in which isthreaded a gas feed line 31. Positioned within the member 27 is a pilotlight structure 32 which is threaded into an aperture in the plug 30,see Figure 5, and which extends upwardly through a bore 25 terminatingin a tube 33, the end of which is substantially flush with the bottom ofthe dish formed in member 8, as later described. The tube 33 is held inposition by plate 34 which rests within a counterbore surrounding theupper end of the bore 25 and which is provided with a plurality ofperipheral cut-out portions 35 extending from its periphery to providean outlet for liquid fuel accumulating in the base member in the eventthe pilot light should become extinguished.

Positioned directly above the pilot light and in axial alignment withthe fuel outlet 14 is. a cone-shaped spreader member 36, the apex ofwhich extends into the outlet 11 of the chamber 9 to split or spread thecombustible mixture expelled from the outlet 14. The spreader member 36is hollow and has a plurality of feet or lugs 37 at its peripheral edgeand upon which the same reststo raise its edge above the bottom of thebase member 8 to form burner openings 38 for the pilot flame. Thatportion of the member 8 substantially between the bore 25 and the bores12 is annularly channeled or grooved to provide space for a fire clay orother suitable substance 39, the top of which is shaped to give the basemember a dish-shaped or concave top surface. It will thus be seen thatthe direct heat of the flame is borne by the clay rather than by any ofthe metal parts and liquid fuel accumulating inthe dish of the memberflows into the chamber 27 through openings 35 where it is withdrawnthrough an outlet duct 40.

The overflow duct 20 which leads from the mixing chamber 17 communicateswith the duct 40, as at 41, which communicates with a. suitablevalvemechanism, not shown. The

overflow valve mechanism forms part of a controlling element 42 asdiagrammatically illustrated. As is customary, such controlling elementscontain a valve operable upon the accumulation of a predetermined amountof overflow liquid fuel to render the fuel feed and blower motorinoperative.

A thermostat .43 controls the operation of the controlling elements asis customary, closing the gas valve to decrease the volume of gassupplied the pilot, which burns in a large flame simultaneously with theopening of the fuel valve and the closing of the circuit for the blowermotor. A fuel supply tank 44 having an automatic pump 45 controlled by aswitch 46 operable upon raising and lowering of the fuel level withinthe tank 44 and supplied from an outside source, not shown, through aduct 47, keeps a constant supply of fuel for the operation of the burnerand is connected with the controlling element 42 through a pipe 48. Asis usual in controlling elements used in connection with hydrocarbonburners, means 42 provides for the regulation of the amount of fuelsupplied the burner.

The base member 8 is substantially hollow forming a chamber 49 which isclosed by the plate 7 which is apertured at 50 in alignment with theopenings 12 and through which air passes from the furnace ash-pit.

' In operation, the flame of the burner heats the pipes 16, 21 and 24 sothat the air by the time it reaches the return bend 17 is expanded andthe fuel, as it enters thepipe 16, is instantly cracked or gasified,mixing with the preheated and expanded air. The air and gasificd fuel isforced through the pipes 16, by the pressure from the blower, becomingthoroughly commingled and being discharged directly onto the apex of thespreader member at the outlet 11, at which point the commingled air andgas mixes with free or idle air from the arcuate arms 10 to form a perfect combustible mixture which burns in a fully gasified oxygenatedhydrocarbon flame. The flame, by reason of the concave or disc contourof the base member, is directed upwardly and the idle or free air, whichis mixed with the commingled air and gasified fuel, is preheated in itspassage through the arcuate arms, and is drawn from the chamber 49 ofthe base member, due to the ejector effect of the discharge 14 in theoutlet 11.

The operation of many burners built in ac cordance with the foregoingdescription and accompanying drawings, has proven that a perfect flameis produced thereby which is free from carbon, and that carbonformations within the generator and mixing chambers are eliminated andthat the fuel consumption is reduced to an economical point and inaddition the operating expenses decreased due to the elimination of thenecessity of servicing, such as is required where carbon aecumu,

lations block the free passage of the fuel and am What I claim as myinvention is:

1. A h drocarbon burner, comprising a base mem er, having a centralbore, a tubular extension forming a continuation of the bore andextended downwardl from the base member, an overflow cham er having aportion engaged over the extension to support the same therefrom,'saidportion being of a greater diameter than the extension whereby to permitair to pass through the connection into the chamber, and a pilot lightsupply tube extended upwardly within the chamber,

and terminating adjacent'the top surface of the base member, air for thepilot flame passing between the tubular extension and the chamberportion.

2. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a base member having a pair ofdiametrically disposed openings, a plate supporting the base memberwithin a furnace, said plate having openings substantiall in line withthe openings in the base mem er, a pair of arouate tubular memberscommunicating at their outer ends with the openings in the base members,and mer 'ng into 'a common outlet at their inner ends, and means fordischarging a combustible mixture into said common outlet the dischar eproducing an ejector action and drawing dead air through the arcuatearms.

3. A hydrocarbon burner, comprising a base member, having an annularchannel substantially semi-circular in cross section, a fire resistingmaterial filling the channel to form a concave surface for the basemember, means for dischar ing a combustible mixture towards the asemember, a member for directing the combustible mixture onto therefractory material at its point of maximum thickness where it isignited to burn in a flame, and means supporting the said combustiblematerial directing member with its lower periphery spaced from theconcave surface 0 the base.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

BRUNO A. SCHAUMANN.

